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Slip resistance is a critical consideration in the design and specification of pedestrian surfaces across New Zealand’s built environment. From public accessways and commercial buildings to industrial facilities and coastal infrastructure, selecting surfaces with the appropriate slip resistance is essential for safety, compliance and long-term performance.
In both Australia and New Zealand, slip resistance is assessed in accordance with AS/NZS 4586 – Slip Resistance Classification of New Pedestrian Surface Materials, a joint standard adopted across both countries.
How AS/NZS 4586 Works
AS/NZS 4586 provides a structured framework for classifying slip resistance using different test methods, each suited to specific environments and surface conditions. The most commonly referenced classifications are P ratings and R ratings, which measure slip resistance under different scenarios.
P Ratings (P0–P5)
P ratings are determined using the Wet Pendulum Test, which simulates a pedestrian heel strike on a wet surface. These ratings are widely used across commercial, public and external environments, including ramps, walkways, boardwalks and access platforms.
- P0 – No slip resistance classification
- P1–P2 – Low slip resistance; limited suitability in wet conditions
- P3 – Moderate slip resistance
- P4 – High slip resistance
- P5 – Very high slip resistance, suitable for wet or higher-risk areas
As the rating increases, so does the surface’s ability to reduce slip risk when exposed to water—an important consideration in New Zealand’s variable and often wet climate.
R Ratings (R9–R13)
R ratings are assessed using the Oil-Wet Inclining Platform Test, where slip resistance is measured on an inclined surface contaminated with oil. These ratings are most relevant for industrial and operational environments, such as processing plants, workshops and maintenance areas.
- R9–R10 – Low slip resistance
- R11 – Moderate slip resistance
- R12 – High slip resistance
- R13 – Very high slip resistance for heavily contaminated areas
Higher R ratings indicate greater resistance to slipping under oily or greasy conditions.
Barefoot Classifications (A, B, C)
AS/NZS 4586 also includes A, B and C classifications, which assess slip resistance for barefoot conditions. These are commonly applied in aquatic centres, pool surrounds and wet recreational areas.
- Class A – Low slip resistance
- Class B – Moderate slip resistance
Class C – High slip resistance for wet, barefoot environments
Alignment with the New Zealand Building Code
Slip resistance requirements in New Zealand are referenced within the New Zealand Building Code, particularly Clause D1 – Access Routes, which focuses on safe movement into, within and out of buildings. While the Building Code does not mandate specific slip ratings, AS/NZS 4586 is commonly used as the recognised benchmark to demonstrate compliance and good design practice.
Slip ratings are not interchangeable. Each classification reflects a specific test method and environment, making it critical to select the correct rating for the intended application. Understanding AS/NZS 4586 helps designers, asset owners and specifiers make informed decisions that improve safety, durability and compliance—particularly in environments exposed to rain, moisture or industrial contaminants.